Which of the following have species that can establish symbiotic relationship with other organisms?

1. Cnidarians
2. Fungi
3. Protozoa Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Cnidarians (corals, jellyfish, sea anemones, etc.) often have symbiotic relationships with other organisms. For example, the relationship between cnidarians and dinoflagellate algae is a mutualistic symbiosis, where both organisms benefit.

Fungi also engage in mutualistic relationships. Prominent examples include mycorrhiza (fungi and plant roots) and lichens (fungi and algae or cyanobacteria), where both partners benefit.

Protozoa can also form symbiotic relationships. A classic example is the mutualistic relationship between termites and protozoa in the termite gut. The protozoa contain bacterial symbionts that digest cellulose, benefiting the termite.

Therefore, all three – Cnidarians, Fungi, and Protozoa – have species that can establish symbiotic relationships with other organisms.

Hence option (d) is the correct answer.