With reference to Mughal India, what is/are the difference/differences between Jagirdar and Zamindar?

1. Jagirdars were holders of land assignments in lieu of judicial and police duties, whereas Zamindars were holders of revenue rights without obligation to perform any duty other than revenue collection.
2. Land assignments to Jagirdars were hereditary and revenue rights of Zamindars were not hereditary.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Both statements are incorrect.

Jagirdars were officials of the Mughal King who were granted land (Jagir) in lieu of their services. These lands were non-hereditary and transferable. Jagirdars had the right to collect revenue from the land.

Zamindars held hereditary rights over their land and had the right to a share of the peasant's produce, in addition to land revenue collection rights. They also had certain rights over the peasants.

Statement 1 is not correct: Jagirdars did not perform judicial or police duties in lieu of land assignments; their land assignments were primarily for revenue collection and to maintain their rank (Mansab). Zamindars also performed functions beyond revenue collection.

Statement 2 is not correct: Jagirs were not hereditary, while the revenue rights of Zamindars were hereditary.

Hence, neither statement 1 nor statement 2 is correct.

Sources:

• Academia.edu - Jagirdari System
• owlgen.com - Difference between Jagirdar and Zamindar