Polity
2021
Federalism in India
Union and State
Separation of Powers

Which one of the following in Indian polity is an essential feature that indicates that it is federal in character?

C.The Union Cabinet can have elected representatives from regional parties.
A.The independence of judiciary is safeguarded.
D.The Fundamental Rights are enforceable by Courts of Law.
B.The Union Legislature has elected representatives from constituent units.

Correct Answer: Option A

Several features indicate the federal character of the Indian Polity. These include:

  • Written Constitution: Ensures clarity and avoids ambiguity in the division of powers.
  • Supremacy of the Constitution: No authority is above the Constitution.
  • Rigid Constitution: Difficult to amend, especially provisions related to federal structure, ensuring stability.
  • Division of Powers: Clear demarcation of powers between the Union and the States.
  • Independent Judiciary: Acts as an umpire to resolve disputes between the Union and the States, ensuring fair interpretation of the Constitution. This is the most essential feature indicating a federal character.
  • Bicameral Legislature: Representation of states in the upper house (Rajya Sabha).
  • Dual Government Polity: Existence of government at both the Union and State levels.

The independence of the judiciary is a cornerstone of federalism because it allows for impartial adjudication of disputes between the Union and the States.

Option (A) is the correct answer.