Polity
2021
Union and State
Which one of the following best defines the term 'State'?
C.A number of persons who have been living in a definite territory for a very long time with their own culture, tradition and government
A.A community of persons permanently occupying a definite territory independent of external control and possessing an organized government
D.A society permanently living in a definite territory with a central authority, an executive responsible to the central authority and an independent judiciary
B.A politically organized people of a definite territory and possessing an authority to govern them, maintain law and order, protect their natural rights and safeguard their means of sustenance
Correct Answer: Option A
A 'State' in political science is a political organization of society, distinct from other social groups due to its specific purpose.
The essential elements of a State are:
- People: A community of persons permanently residing within the state.
- Government: An organized structure to enforce laws and administer the state.
- Territory: A defined and demarcated geographical boundary.
- Sovereignty: The state's supreme and independent authority in decision-making, both internally and externally. This implies independence from external control.
Option A encapsulates all these elements precisely.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.
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