Permanent Settlement System (1793): UPSC Mind Map

Key Concepts in this Mind Map

• Permanent Settlement System (1793) - UPSC
• - Introduction
• - By Lord Cornwallis, 1793
• - In Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Varanasi, parts of Madras Presidency
• - Aims: Secure revenue, create loyal class, encourage agriculture
• - Key Features
• - Zamindars declared landowners
• - Fixed land revenue (10/11th to Company, 1/11th to Zamindar)
• - Revenue payment was permanent
• - "Sunset Clause": Revenue to be paid by a fixed date, else land forfeited
• - No rights for tenants/cultivators
• - Impact on Zamindars
• - Gained ownership rights
• - Became a loyal supporter of British rule
• - Enhanced social status and wealth
• - Many became absentee landlords
• - Impact on Peasants (Ryots)
• - Reduced to tenants-at-will
• - Exploited by Zamindars (abnormal rents, illegal cesses)
• - No security of tenure
• - Often led to indebtedness and landlessness
• - Impact on British East India Company
• - Ensured stable and fixed revenue
• - Reduced administrative burden of revenue collection