Action Plan for the Human Environment 1972: UPSC Mind Map

Key Concepts in this Mind Map

• Action Plan for the Human Environment, 1972 (Stockholm Conference)
• - Background & Context
• - United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE)
• - Held in Stockholm, Sweden, June 5-16, 1972
• - First major global conference on environmental issues
• - Growing global awareness of environmental degradation
• - Aim: reconcile socio-economic development with environmental protection
• - Key Outcomes
• - Stockholm Declaration
• - 26 Principles regarding human-environment relationship
• - Recognized right to a healthy environment
• - Affirmed state responsibility for environmental protection
• - Bridged gap between developed and developing nations' perspectives
• - Action Plan for the Human Environment
• - 109 recommendations for international action
• - Three main components:
• - Global Environmental Assessment Programme (Earthwatch)
• - Environmental monitoring (e.g., GEMS - Global Environment Monitoring System)
• - Research & information exchange
• - Early warning systems
• - Environmental Management Activities
• - Policy guidelines for sustainable resource use
• - Measures to combat pollution
• - Conservation of natural heritage